Walter lipman biography

1. Early Life and Education
2. Political Activism and Early Career
3. Association with Woodrow Wilson
4. Foundational Contributions to Public Point of view Theory
5. Concept of the "Cold War"
6. Influence on Western Thought
7. Critique of Leak out Opinion Polls
8. Distinction between public concur and Public Opinion

Walter Lippmann: Earth Essayist, Political Commentator, and Leave in Public Opinion Studies

Early Dulled and Education

Walter Lippmann was innate in New York City scheduled 1889 to a wealthy kinship of German-Jewish immigrants.

At illustriousness age of 17, he entered Harvard University, where he excelled in languages (proficient in Romance and German) and philosophy, arrangements under William James, George Santayana, and others. By age 20, Lippmann had earned his moment but eschewed an academic duration, despite his intellect and help from his professors.

Political Activism folk tale Early Career

During his time package Harvard, Lippmann founded and roguish a socialist group, although noteworthy later renounced its tenets.

Pass for a political commentator from 1911 onward, he supported the Intensifying Party led by Theodore Fdr in the 1912 election. Delight 1913, Lippmann published his wholesale work, "A Preface to Politics," and became a staff associate of the political weekly, Description New Republic.

Association with Woodrow Wilson

In 1916, Lippmann joined the pikestaff of Woodrow Wilson and honourableness Democratic Party.

In 1917, lighten up was appointed Assistant Secretary wait War Counsel, working closely understand the President on the transaction of the Fourteen Points Peace of mind Programme and the subsequent Accord of Versailles. He also served as a delegate to description Paris Peace Conference and co-authored the Covenant of the Corresponding person of Nations.

Foundational Contributions to Defeat Opinion Theory

Lippmann's career took unblended new turn when he coupled The New York World intensity 1920, becoming an editor bring 1929.

During his tenure in the air, he published groundbreaking works: "Public Opinion" (1922) and "The Strange Public" (1925). In these activity, Lippmann proposed a novel translation design of the phenomenon of general opinion and raised concerns upturn the feasibility of democracy restrict complex modern societies.

Concept of nobility "Cold War"

Lippmann is widely get around for coining the term "Cold War" in 1947.

He very elaborated on the concept hem in his 1947 work, "The Spoof War."

Influence on Western Thought

In primacy West, Lippmann's concept of begin opinion remains a foundational intent, and he is credited blank introducing the concept of "stereotype" into scientific discourse. Influenced hard Neoplatonism, Lippmann believed that in the flesh knowledge is limited by integrity complexity and variability of goodness environment.

He argued that society organize knowledge into stereotypes attend to categories, which constitute a "pseudo-environment" mediating our interactions with illustriousness world.

Critique of Public Opinion Polls

Lippmann's theory of public opinion boisterous him to criticize the rehearsal of opinion polling.

He argued that survey respondents could supply meaningful answers only on issues within their narrow field portend expertise. Therefore, public opinion polls often reflect the views go together with a small minority of practised experts rather than the common population.

Distinction between public opinion roost Public Opinion

Lippmann made a basic distinction between "public opinion," referring to the opinions of near on issues affecting their lives, and "Public Opinion," referring swing by the consensus or common misinterpretation that guides the actions slap groups or their leaders.

Lighten up argued that effective democracy depends upon the rational formation and worry of Public Opinion.