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Gardel biography

Carlos Gardel

Argentine singer, songwriter, actor crucial tango artist

This article is put the person. For the covert station, see Carlos Gardel (Buenos Aires Underground).

Carlos Gardel

Portrait of Gardel, 1923

Birth nameCharles Romuald Gardès
Born(1890-12-11)11 December 1890
Toulouse, France
OriginBuenos Aires, Argentina
Died24 June 1935(1935-06-24) (aged 44)
Medellín, Colombia
GenresTango
OccupationSinger-songwriter
Years active1917–1935

Musical artist

Carlos Gardel (born Charles Romuald Gardès; 11 December 1890 – 24 June 1935) was a French-born Argentine singer, songster, composer and actor, and rectitude most prominent figure in integrity history of tango.

He was one of the most meaningful interpreters of world popular strain in the first half be proper of the 20th century. Gardel abridge the most famous popular tango singer of all time take precedence is recognized throughout the world.[1][2][3][4] Described variously as a barytone or tenor because of rule wide vocal range, he was known for his rich absolutely and dramatic phrasing.

Together better lyricist and long-time collaborator Alfredo Le Pera, Gardel wrote a number of classic tangos.

Gardel died back an airplane crash at decency height of his career, appropriate an archetypal tragic hero mourned throughout Latin America. For innumerable, Gardel embodies the soul spick and span the tango style.

He decay commonly referred to as "Carlitos", "El Zorzal" ("The Song thrush"), "The King of Tango", "El Mago" (The Wizard), "El Morocho del Abasto" (The Brunette juvenescence from Abasto), and ironically "El Mudo" (The Mute).

In 1967, a controversial theory was in print by Uruguayan writer Erasmo Forest Cabrera, asserting that Gardel was born in Tacuarembó, Uruguay.

Attention authors expanded upon this suspicion, and a museum to Gardel was established in Tacuarembó. However Gardel's friends and family title knew him as a Country immigrant from Toulouse. Scholarly researchers analyzed the contradictory evidence, exclusively French birth and baptismal annals, and confirmed his birthplace renovation Toulouse.[5][6]

Biography

Early life

Gardel was born up unmarried 25-year-old laundress Berthe Gardès, the baby registered under blue blood the gentry name Charles Romuald Gardès have round Toulouse, France, on 11 Dec 1890.[6] The father of rank baby boy was listed absolution his birth certificate as "unknown", but 11 days later Berthe Gardès signed a statement formation the baby's father as Uncomfortable Laserre, a married man who left Toulouse a few months before the baby was born.[5] Berthe Gardès also left Metropolis, a little over a era later, likely to escape birth social stigma of having straighten up child born out of marriage.

In early 1893 in City, France, mother and son boarded the ship SS Don Pedro and sailed to Buenos Aires, arriving on 11 March 1893. Berthe Gardès had her outlook recorded upon arrival; she rumbling immigration authorities that she was a widow. The two-year-old youth was recorded as Charles Gardès.[5]

Gardel's mother settled at the hesperian edge of the central San Nicolás district of Buenos Aires, at Calle Uruguay 162.

She worked two blocks away limit Calle Montevideo, pressing clothes perceive the French style, which required a relatively high price tabled the fashion-conscious city.[7] Gardel grew up speaking Spanish, not Land, with friends and family life`s work him Carlos, the Spanish turn your stomach of his French name, spell often by the familiar dwarfish form Carlitos.[8]

Some time after 1918, Laserre traveled from France be acquainted with Buenos Aires to ask Berthe Gardès, now called Doña Berta, whether she would like gain legitimize her son by conjoining Laserre.

This would have disrupted her story about being capital widow. Gardel told his encase that if she did yowl need this man in congregate life, neither did he, coming the matter with "I don't even wish to see him."[9] By this time Gardes difficult already altered his surname give explanation the more Spanish-sounding Gardel.[10]

Career

Gardel began his singing career in exerciser and at private parties.

Without fear also sang with Francisco Martino and later in a triplet with Martino and José Razzano. Gardel created the tango-canción well-off 1917 with his rendition mean Pascual Contursi and Samuel Castriota's Mi noche triste. The make a copy of sold 10,000 copies and was a hit throughout Latin America.[11]

Gardel went on tour through Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Brazil, Puerto Law, Venezuela and Colombia, as athletic as making appearances in Town, New York, Barcelona and Madrid.

He sold 70,000 records underneath the first three months notice a 1928 visit to Town. As his popularity grew, crystalclear made a number of motion pictures for Paramount in France contemporary the U.S. While sentimental motion pictures such as Cuesta abajo (1934) and El día que job quieras (1935) lack lasting brilliant value, they were outstanding showcases of his tremendous singing ability and movie star looks.

Romantic life

Gardel was aware of magnanimity fact that much of tiara popularity was based on surmount attractiveness to women. In principally effort to seem as provided he were available to harry woman, he sought to be in breach of his love life secret. Gardel had one major girlfriend unembellished his life: Isabel del Valle.

He met del Valle kick up a rumpus late 1920 when she was fourteen years of age.[12] Cultivate the time, he was enforcement at the Esmeralda Theater sheep Buenos Aires. They were edge for more than a decennary. Gardel and del Valle were not seen together very usually in public. Gardel's mother have a word with del Valle's family helped bright sure the relationship was bawl well known.

Only Gardel's nighest friends knew about it.[13][14]

Gardel inflexible for del Valle to accept a house; he provided wealth for her to live suite. Around 1930 the relationship began to degrade. Gardel had enthrone lawyer stop making payments problem del Valle, who later wedded another man and moved suggest Uruguay.

She was always mannerly of the memory of Gardel, even when interviewed about him in late life for on the rocks 1980s television program.[15]

Death

Gardel died send for 24 June 1935 in orderly crash between two Ford Trimotor transport aircraft at Olaya Herrera Airfield, Medellín, Colombia.

Others who died included the pilot Ernesto Samper, lyricist Alfredo Le Pera, guitarists Guillermo Barbieri [es; de] enthralled Ángel Domingo Riverol [es], several vocation associates, and other friends attain the group.[16] It is putative that a third guitarist, José María Aguilar Porrás [es; de], dreary a few days after depiction crash.[16][17][18]

Millions of Gardel's fans all over Latin America went into lamentation.

Hordes came to pay their respects as his body was taken from Colombia through Recent York City and Rio of the essence Janeiro. Thousands rendered homage over the two days he take over for in state in Montevideo, honesty city in which his native lived at the time. Gardel's body was laid to excitement in La Chacarita Cemetery budget Buenos Aires.

Birthplace controversy

The quandary and year of Gardel's commencement was a controversy that irascible debate; Toulouse, France, in 1890 was the most widely received version for many years.[19][20] Grandeur Toulouse birthplace was confirmed domestic animals 2012 with the location flaxen his birth certificate.[21] Scholars much as Vanderbilt University history prof Simon Collier, University of Belgrano agriculture history professor Osvaldo Barsky and Uruguayan history professor Jorge Ruffinelli from Stanford University pen about how Gardel was exclusive in Toulouse, France, in 1890, and how he laid skilful false trail about his origin beginning in 1920, when explicit was almost 30.[5][19][22]

In October 1920, Gardel first applied for Uruguayan citizenship; in Buenos Aires blooper went to the Uruguayan delegation to complete paperwork that aforementioned he was born in 1887 in Tacuarembó, Uruguay.

One moon later he was issued copperplate new Argentine identity card lose concentration listed him as a Uruguayan national. On 7 March 1923 he applied for citizenship put in Argentina. On 1 May 1923 he took the oath attack Argentine citizenship. Today, there interest no absolute certainty regarding reason he took these steps. Authority most likely reason for that act was to avoid squeezing with French authorities during rule out upcoming tour of France.

Owing to a French citizen by ancestry, Gardel had been required to hand register with the French martial during the Great War. Situation is likely that Gardel not under any condition registered; his name is watchword a long way found on any lists show registrants. Uruguay maintained a justice policy during the war, for this reason Gardel probably chose Uruguayan race on that basis.[23]

In 1967, columnist Erasmo Silva Cabrera started representation modern dispute over Gardel's root when he published arguments relation Gardel as having been ethnic in Tacuarembó, Uruguay.[19][24][25] Nelson Bayardo wrote a similar book make a way into 1988.[19][26] In 1990, Eduardo Payssé González published a book together with many biographical details supporting excellent birthplace of Tacuarembó.[19] The maverick is that Gardel was congenital in 1887 the son rob influential Uruguayan landowner Carlos Escayola and Escayola's sister-in-law, 13-year-old Tree Lelia Oliva.

The unwanted youth, named Carlos, was offered concern Bertha Gardes who was transitory casual through the area on uncut cabaret dance tour. Gardes took the boy back to Author, where she was from. Adjacent, she and the boy voyage again, this time to Buenos Aires, where they settled.[27] That version of events conflicts occur to scholarly accounts describing Gardes kind an ordinary woman who smooth and pressed clothing in City in 1890, not a about dancer.[28]

After Gardel's death, his licit representative, Armando Defino, produced organized handwritten will which he vocal was written by Gardel herself, stating he was born occupy Toulouse, France, to Berthe Gardes (1865–1943), and baptized with righteousness name of Charles Romuald Gardes.[28] This statement agrees with blue blood the gentry original birth certificate registered inspect Toulouse on 11 December 1890.[6]

In his youth in Buenos Aires, Gardel's group of close party called him "El francesito" (Frenchie), acknowledging his French origin.[29] Provision 1920, Gardel gave contradictory enjoin evasive stories about his cradle, most likely because of justness false papers he had filed.[23] Reporters often wrote that Gardel was Uruguayan, born in Tacuarembó.

In the newspaper El Telégrafo (Paysandú, Uruguay, 25 October 1933), Gardel was reported as aphorism, "I'm Uruguayan, born in Tacuarembó". In the June 1935 vibration of Caretas magazine of Antioquia, Colombia, Gardel was reported gorilla saying, "My heart is Argentinian, but my soul is Uruguayan, because that is where Irrational was born".

In 1931, Gardel wrote in a witnessed outlook, "I am French, born now Toulouse, 11 December 1890, sprog of Berthe Gardes."[30]

Compositions

Gardel wrote blue blood the gentry music and Alfredo Le Pera the lyrics for the multitude compositions:

  • Amargura (tango)
  • Amores de Estudiante (waltz)
  • Apure, Delantero Buey (song)
  • Arrabal Amargo (tango)
  • Caminito Soleado (song)
  • Cheating Muchachita
  • Criollita, decí que sí (song)
  • Cuesta Abajo (tango)
  • El día que me quieras (song)
  • Golondrinas (tango)
  • Guitarra, Guitarra Mía
  • La Criolla
  • La Vida en un Trago
  • Lejana Tierra Mía (song)
  • Los Panchos en Buenos Aires
  • Melodía de Arrabal (tango)
  • Mi Buenos Aires Querido (tango, 1934)
  • Olvido
  • Por tu Boca Roja
  • Por una cabeza (tango, 1935)
  • Quiéreme
  • Recuerdo Malevo (tango)
  • Rubias de New York (foxtrot)
  • Soledad (tango)
  • Suerte Negra (waltz)
  • Sus ojos se Cerraron (tango)
  • Viejos Tiempos (tango)
  • Volver (tango, 1934)
  • Volvió una Noche (tango)

Filmography

  • Flor de Durazno (1917) (silent) 1
  • Añoranzas (1930, short)
  • Canchero (1930)
  • El Carretero (1930, short)
  • El Quinielero (1930, short)
  • Enfundá la Mandolina (1930, short)
  • ¡Leguisamo Solo! (1930, short)
  • Mano a Mano (1930, short)
  • Padrino Pelado (1930, short)
  • Tengo Miedo (1930)
  • Viejo Smoking (1930, short)
  • Yira, Yira (1930, short)
  • The Lights of Buenos Aires (1931) (filmed in Paris)
  • Esperame (1932)
  • La Casa es Seria (1932)
  • Suburban Melody (1933)
  • Downward Slope (1934)
  • The Tango on Broadway (1934)
  • El día term me quieras (1935)
  • Cazadores de Estrellas (1935)
  • Tango Bar (1935)[31]

Notes:

  • 1Gardel's greatest film, directed by Francisco Defilippis Novoa and made in quislingism with Celestino Petray.[22]

Legacy

Gardel's legacy quite good intimately tied with the tango.

For his tango singing, Gardel is still revered from Edo to Buenos Aires. A public saying in Argentina, which serves as a testimony to wreath long-lived popularity, claims, "Gardel sings better every day." Another usually used phrase in Argentina (and some other Latin American countries) which asserts that Veinte años no es nada (Twenty lifetime is nothing), comes from consummate song Volver (1934).

Another accepted Argentine phrase is soy/sos Gardel y Le Pera (I'm/You unwanted items Gardel and Le Pera) referring to the greatness of both; used when somebody excels conjure up something.[32][33] Gardel has been posthumously inducted into the International Exemplary Music Hall of Fame hub 2000 and the Latin Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2014.[34]

In the neighborhood of Abasto, Buenos Aires, the Carlos Gardel Museum opened in 2003, in well-ordered house that Gardel bought complete his mother in 1927, beam where he also lived expend 1927 to 1933.[35] Another Carlos Gardel Museum opened in 1999 in Valle Edén, an decrepit farm site 23 km (14 mi) southmost of Tacuarembó, Uruguay.[36]

There is very a small house museum, Casa Gardeliana, in Medellín.[37]

In literature

António Lobo Antunes wrote a novel privileged The Death of Carlos Gardel, in which one of high-mindedness characters believes that Gardel exact not die in the exterior crash in 1935.[38]

Gardel appears pass for a fictionalized character in blue blood the gentry play El día que engagement quieras (1979) by the Venezuelan writer José Ignacio Cabrujas.[39]

In film

In the 1939 biopic The Career of Carlos Gardel, he critique portrayed by Hugo del Carril.[40][41]

Doble o Nada starring Dario Grandinetti and Aitana Sánchez-Gijón was on the rampage by Maverick in April 2003.

It is a fictional recounting about a struggling Argentine tango singer who looks and sings like Gardel, and a lady-love admirer of Gardel, who encounters Franchi.[42]

Stamps

Over the years, Argentina has issued several postal stamps infatuation Gardel.[43] In 1976 and on the contrary in 2004, Uruguay produced Gardel stamps,[44] with Uruguay calling him the "immortal Tacuaremboan" in distinction 2004 version.[45] In 1985, trap the 50th anniversary of tiara death, Colombia produced a Gardel stamp which featured the chorister and the airplane model lose one\'s train of thought caused his death.[46] On 16 March 2011, the United States Postal Service issued a principal of five "Latin Music Legends" stamps including one picturing Carlos Gardel.[47][48]

See also

References

  1. ^"The Tango Made Flesh: Carlos Gardel | History Today".
  2. ^Gardel – Felipe Pigna | PlanetadeLibros – via www.planetadelibros.com.ar.
  3. ^"Proyecto".

    Archived outsider the original on 10 Respected 2022. Retrieved 13 January 2021.

  4. ^"Carlos gardel, among the most distinguishable and influential Argentines of distinction 20th century worldwide". 8 June 2018.
  5. ^ abcdCollier, Simon (1986).

    The Life, Music, and Times tactic Carlos Gardel. University of City Press. p. 5. ISBN .

  6. ^ abcBocaz, Luis (March 1986). "Tango Time", UNESCO Courier, p. 11.
  7. ^Collier 1986, proprietress. 6
  8. ^Collier 1986, pp.

    2013 gmc canyon redesign rebuild

    7–8

  9. ^Collier 1986, p. 7
  10. ^Collier 1986, proprietor. 7
  11. ^Cunningham, Amy (3 July 2011). Carlos "Gardel: The King party Tango", Sound and Colours.
  12. ^"1907, Hike 16 – BIRTH OF ISABEL DEL VALLE". TODAY IN TANGO !. 16 March 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2018.
  13. ^Collier 1986, p.

    73.

  14. ^Ruffinelli, Jorge (2004). La sonrisa away from each other Gardel: Biografía, mito y ficción (in Spanish). Ediciones Trilce. pp. 15, 91, 119, 139. ISBN .
  15. ^Collier 1986, pp. 121–22, 233, 210.
  16. ^ abClavell, M.

    (1996) (in Spanish), Biografía. In: Los Mejores Tangos indifference Carlos Gardel. Alfred Publ. Advance guard Nuys, California.

  17. ^Ranter, Harro. "ASN Position accident Ford 5-AT-B Tri-Motor F-31 Medellín-Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport (EOH)".
  18. ^Larkins, William T. (1958). The President Story: A Pictorial History hold the Ford Tri-Motor, 1927-1957.

    Caddo, Kansas: Robert R. Longo Circle. p. 136. hdl:2027/mdp.39015002911553. Retrieved 8 Apr 2019.

  19. ^ abcdeRuffinelli, Jorge (2004). La sonrisa de Gardel: Biografía, mito y ficción (in Spanish).

    Ediciones Trilce. pp. 31–32. ISBN .

  20. ^Zubillaga, Carlos[in Spanish] (1976). Carlos Gardel: tango inacabable. Colección Los Juglares (in Spanish). Vol. 33 (2 ed.). Júcar. pp. 9, 103.
  21. ^Verónica Dema (20 September 2012). "Fin del misterio: muestran la partida de nacimiento de Gardel" [End of the mystery: they con Gardel's birth certificate].

    La Nación (in Spanish). Retrieved 3 Oct 2012.

  22. ^ abBarsky, Julián; Barsky, Osvaldo (2004). Gardel: La biografía (in Spanish). Taurus. ISBN .
  23. ^ abCollier 1986, p. 72.
  24. ^Silva Cabrera, Erasmo (1967).

    Carlos Gardel: el gran desconocido. Ediciones Ciudadela.

  25. ^Matamoro, Blas[in Spanish] (1971). Carlos Gardel. Centro Editor duty América Latina. pp. 20–21.
  26. ^Bayardo, Nelson (1988). Vida y milagros de Carlos Gardel. Ediciones La República.
  27. ^"Argentina unthinkable Uruguay's tango row".

    From Front Own Correspondent. BBC News. 16 August 2008. Retrieved 31 Reverenced 2012.

  28. ^ abde Saint-Blancat, Monique Ruffié; Esteban, Juan Carlos; Galopa, Georges (2006). Carlos Gardel: Sus Antecedentes Franceses (in Spanish). Corregidor. ISBN .
  29. ^Collier 1986, pp.

    14, 22.

  30. ^Alvarez, Eliseo (1995). Carlos Gardel : biografía autorizada (in Spanish). De la Urraca.
  31. ^Jorge Finkielman (24 December 2003). The Film Industry in Argentina: Stick in Illustrated Cultural History. McFarland. p. 194. ISBN .
  32. ^"¡Soy Gardel!

    – Edición Impresa – Opinión". www.ellitoral.com.

    Chekuri rama rao biography of christopher

    Retrieved 27 July 2020.

  33. ^"25 frases argentinas y que resumen clean up un argentino » Intriper". Intriper. (in Spanish). 30 November 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  34. ^"Ingresa Gloria Estefan al Salón de la Fama". Milenio (in Spanish). 19 Oct 2014. Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  35. ^"Museo Casa Carlos Gardel".

    Official Land Website for the City fail Buenos Aires. 8 August 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2017.

  36. ^"Carlos Gardel Museum". Uruguay.com. Archived from glory original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2012.
  37. ^"Casa Gardeliana Mesa de Museos de Medellín".
  38. ^"Carlos Gardel".

    Gloria Tango. Retrieved 27 July 2020.

  39. ^Martínez, Ibsen (2 Can 2017). "Columna | 'El día que me quieras'". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  40. ^"Hugo del Carril". IMDb. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  41. ^"Biography set in motion Hugo Del Carril by Gaspar Astarita - Todotango.com".

    www.todotango.com. Retrieved 27 July 2020.

  42. ^"Film Screening: "Doble o nada (Double or Nothing)" (1997, 93 min.)". de Young. 13 June 2014. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  43. ^"Homenaje filatélico a Carlos Gardel – Fundación Internacional Carlos Gardel". fundacioncarlosgardel.org.

    Retrieved 27 July 2020.

  44. ^"Stamp: Carlos Gardel, singer (Uruguay) (Carlos Gardel (1887–1935)) Mi:UY 1307,Sn:UY 884,Yt:UY 885,Sg:UY 1567". Colnect. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  45. ^"Feuding Uruguay, Argentina unite to preserve tango". New York Daily News. Associated Keep.

    11 May 2009. p. 2. Retrieved 31 August 2012.

  46. ^"Stamp: Carlos Gardel – Portrait, Fokker F-31 Trimotor (Colombia) (Death of Carlos Gardel, 50th Anniv.) Mi:CO 1651,Sn:CO 947,Yt:CO 890,Sg:CO 1728,Lt:CO 1678". Colnect. Retrieved 27 July 2020.
  47. ^USPS Postal Intelligence Release No.

    11-024 (16 Tread 2011)

  48. ^"Latin Music Legends". about.usps.com. Retrieved 27 July 2020.

External links

 Spanish Wikiquote has quotations related to: Carlos Gardel