Ellen browning scripps biography templates
Ellen Browning Scripps
American journalist, philanthropist
Ellen Discoverer Scripps (October 18, 1836 – August 3, 1932) was characteristic American journalist and philanthropist who was the founding donor do paperwork several major institutions in Rebel California. She and her stepbrother E.W.
Scripps created the E.W. Scripps Company, America's largest enclosure of newspapers, linking Midwestern profitable cities with booming towns execute the West. By the Decennary, Ellen Browning Scripps was fee an estimated $30 million (or $3 billion in 2024 dollars), most of which she gave away.
She appeared on righteousness cover of Time magazine sustenance founding Scripps College in Claremont, California.[1] She also donated pots of dollars to organizations intercontinental that promised to advance representative principles and women's education.[2]
She helped to found Scripps Institution pay no attention to Oceanography, Scripps Research, and Publisher Health, all located in authority La Jolla neighborhood of San Diego, California.
The Scripps kinfolk supports the Scripps National Orthography Bee.
Family history
Ellen Browning Publisher was born on October 18, 1836, on South Molton Position. in St. George Parish, Writer. Her father, James Mogg Publisher (1803–1873), was the youngest notice six children born to Author publisher William Armiger Scripps (1772–1851) and Mary Dixie (1771–1838).
Operate was apprenticed to Charles Writer, the leading bookbinder of Writer, where he learned the recede. James married his cousin Elizabeth Sabey in 1829 and challenging two children, only one outline whom lived to maturity, Elizabeth Mary (1831–1914). Elizabeth Sabey Publisher died the day after character latter's birth. Two years afterwards, James Mogg married Ellen Conventional Saunders.
They had six domestic, five of whom lived watch over adulthood: James E. Scripps (1835–1906), Ellen Browning (1836–1932), William Arminger (1838–1914), George Henry (1839–1900) charge John Mogg (1840–1863). Ellen Welcome Scripps died of breast mortal in 1841.[3]
After the failure learn his bookbinding shop and honourableness death of his second helpmeet, James Mogg emigrated to nobility United States with his digit children in April 1844.
They headed to Rushville, Illinois, veer other members of the Publisher family owned property. James Mogg married his third wife Julia Osborn in November 1844. They had five children: Julia Anne (1847–1898), Thomas Osborn (1848–53), Town Tudor (1850–1936), Eliza Virginia (1852–1921), and Edward Willis (1854–1926), high-mindedness well-known newspaper tycoon and founding father of The E.W.
Scripps Company.[4]
Biography
Early life
Born in London and upraised in Rushville, Illinois, Ellen Toasting Scripps was an avid clergyman and learner at an ahead of time age. In 1855, a collection before attending college, she was granted a teaching certificate lecturer started teaching in Schuyler Patch, IL.
She was the matchless one of her ten siblings to attend college, studying branch of knowledge and mathematics at Knox Institution in Galesburg, IL, one bad buy the few educational institutions cope with admit women. She graduated take 1859 with a certificate make the first move the Female Collegiate Department favour honors in mathematics.
Afterwards, she returned to Rushville, Illinois, put in plain words teach in a one-room schoolhouse.[2][5]
Newspaper journalist
After the American Civil Fighting, Scripps gave up her ecologically aware as a schoolteacher and scenery to Detroit, at that put off a booming industrial center nonthreatening person the West.
She joined an added brother James E. Scripps urgency publishing The Detroit Evening News, a short, inexpensive, and politically independent newspaper pitched to excellence city's working class. This was to be the start comment the Scripps family fortune.
Scripps worked as a copyeditor post wrote a daily column, nicknamed "Miss Ellen's Miscellany," that compromise local and national news involve short sound bites.
According hyperbole Gerald Baldasty, "Her columns introduce "Miscellany" and other topics became the inspiration for the Manufacture Enterprise Association, a news constitution service that Edward Scripps conventional in 1902."[6] In the 1870s and 1880s, the Scripps chronicles expanded to include The Metropolis Press, The Cincinnati Post, illustrious the St.
Louis Chronicle.[3]
A hoarder, Ellen B. Scripps played information bank important role in Scripps councils. She gave business advice wrest her younger half-brother E.W. don sided with him in brotherhood financial disputes. He credited repel with saving him from fiscal ruin in more than make sure of instance.[6][2] In the 1880s, E.W.'s attempt to seize control do in advance the Scripps Publishing Company backslided, resulting in a divisive data and a break with ruler half-brother James.[7][2]
Travels
In 1881, Ellen additional E.W.
travelled to Europe good that the latter could get a break from work talented recover his health. They took the railroad through France make available the Mediterranean Sea, crossed spawn ship to Algeria, then suspicious north into Italy, Austria, humbling Germany. Ellen wrote weekly script back to The Detroit Gloaming News about their travels, reading her impressions of people instruct places.[8][2] When Ellen returned encircling her job at the News, she found that she was no longer needed at leadership copy desk.
She began organized decade of travel, heading joke the American South, New England, Cuba, and Mexico. In 1888–1889 she made a second controversy to Europe that included fine visit to L'Exposition Universelle detour Paris and three months descent Spain. A decade later, she toured France, Belgium, and England.[3]
California
In 1887, Ellen's sister Julia Anne moved to Alameda, California, suck up to seek a remedy for unhealthful rheumatoid arthritis.
She found tidy home at the Remedial League and School of Philosophy, besides known as the New Line of Life, in Alameda, work on of the many utopian communities founded in the late ordinal century.[2][7] Concerned about her sister's welfare, Ellen made her pull it off trip to California in high-mindedness winter of 1890.
Soon later, Ellen and E.W. bought angle in San Diego and great Miramar Ranch with their friar Fred. Miramar Ranch encompassed what is now Scripps Ranch, systematic suburban community, and the Maritime Corps Air Station Miramar. Honourableness ranch house was torn fall in 1973.[9][10]
In 1897 Publisher moved to the seaside hamlet of La Jolla where she built a modest house forename South Molton Villa after ethics street in London on which she had been born.
Just as the house burned down girder 1915, Scripps commissioned architect Author J. Gill to redesign skilful new, fireproof concrete structure delight the same modern architectural slang as The Bishop's School, significance La Jolla Woman's Club, point of view the La Jolla Recreational Spirit. It has been described similarly one of Gill's "masterworks."[11] Scratch house is now the Museum of Contemporary Art San Diego.
Over the next three decades, she and her half-sister Town created a Scripps family make up that included extensive gardens, Vine Cottage (now the La Jolla Historical Society), a library, well-ordered guest bungalow, a lathe home, and two garages.
In Frigid Jolla, Ellen gradually stepped lure of her intimate family skyrocket and began to acquire precise large set of female acquaintances.
La Jolla had a ontogeny number of summer and continual residents, many of whom were unmarried women or widows. She remarked that in the dependable days, "It was a woman's town."[2] She was a inauguration member of the La Jolla Library Association and the Custom Jolla Woman's Club, among following organizations.
Wealth
Ellen Browning Scripps notion a fortune by investing turn a profit E.W. Scripps's growing chain endowment newspapers in the West. In good health 1894, E.W. formed a company with Milton A. McRae, who had risen through the ranks to become one of Scripps's top lieutenants. George H. Publisher joined the partnership in 1895. The group managed The Metropolis Post, The Cleveland Press, The St.
Louis Chronicle, The City News-Bee, and the Kansas Impediment Star. They also acquired newspapers in Memphis, Oklahoma City, City, Terre Haute, Columbus, Denver, City, and Houston.
In the accumulate 1890s, E.W. began to amplify papers in California, including The Los Angeles Record, The San Diego Sun, and The San Francisco News.
In the Peaceable Northwest, the growing profitability commuter boat working-class newspapers led to greatness development of The Seattle Main attraction, The Spokane Press, The Metropolis Times, and The Portland News, all pitched to dock employees, miners, lumbermen, and cannery workers.[12] By 1905, E.W.
estimated think about it profits on "my little Ghost story papers" were many times worthier than those of his East ones.[13]
Ellen Scripps gained a tranquil legacy from her brother Martyr H. Scripps who died cloudless 1900, leaving behind a liking described as "a legacy catch hate." He gave his shares of Evening News stock focus on E.W., whom James E.
Publisher considered his nemesis. Ellen, meantime, received George's shares of rendering Scripps Publishing Co. This moneyed to an eleven-year legal campaigning that E.W. and Ellen in the final won.[3]: 145
Philanthropy
Interested in science and rearing, Ellen Browning Scripps donated class bulk of her fortune get in touch with the Scripps Institution of Oceanology (1903), The Bishop's School (1909), and the Scripps College observe Claremont (1929), California.[14]
She supported humanity initiatives such as the Course of action Jolla Women's Club and birth La Jolla Recreational Center limit contributed financially to improvement projects in the coastal area specified as The Children's Pool.
Indifferent Jolla Park was renamed Ellen Browning Scripps Memorial Park fashionable 1927 to honor her profuse gifts to La Jolla.
Her interest in the science dominate health led her to strut Scripps Memorial Hospital, now Publisher Health, and the Scripps Metabolous Clinic, now Scripps Research.[5]
Scripps funded many wildlife preservation and nurture initiatives, including the San Diego Zoo and Torrey Pines Repair Natural Reserve.
She also allowing support for wildlife books specified as including William Leon Dawson's Birds of California.[5]
From the Decennium, Scripps was the major backer of the San Diego Normal History Museum, financing its effects and education programs.[15] In 1933, the Scripps estate donated entrance 1,000 watercolor paintings of Calif.
wildflowers by A.R. Valentien come near the museum.[16][17]
Over 2500 books disruption her library's book collection were donated to the Claremont Colleges where they can now amend accessed from the Claremont Colleges Library and Denison Library.
The New York Times estimated avoid, during her lifetime, she gave gifts and donations to sufficient causes that totaled more by $2 million, a conservative esteem equivalent to $44,663,000 in 2023 dollars.[18]
Although Scripps garnered much public affliction from her philanthropic projects, she avoided publicizing her gifts other drawing attention to herself, on account of "publicity is distasteful to Bitter Scripps.[2]
Death
Ellen Browning Scripps died locked in her La Jolla home club August 3, 1932, at see 95.
Shortly thereafter, the best newspaper trade journal Editor & Publisher praised her contributions fully American journalism: "Many women scheme contributed, directly and indirectly, come to an end the development of the Inhabitant press, but none more importantly and beneficently than Ellen Preparation Scripps."[6]The New York Times, gap, recognized her as "one dying the pioneers in modern Earth journalism." Her obituary described give someone his as a woman who challenging perfected "the art of living" as well as the stick down of giving.[2]
Legacy
Scripps was nominated endure inducted into the San Diego Women's Hall of Fame make money on 2007, hosted by the Women's Museum of California, Commission profile the Status of Women, Order of the day of California, San Diego Women's Center, and San Diego Renovate University Women's Studies.
The multitude are institutions Scripps helped should establish or fund:
- Scripps Institution in Claremont, CA
- Scripps Institution characteristic Oceanography, UC San Diego, selected. 1903, formerly known as rendering Marine Biological Association
- Scripps Research, in the old days Scripps Metabolic Clinic, est.
1924
- Scripps Aquarium, La Jolla (now Woody Aquarium)
- The Bishop's School in Unsympathetic Jolla, San Diego, CA
- Scripps Bad health, formerly Scripps Memorial Hospital, put your feet up. 1924
- La Jolla Woman's Club
- Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve
- The Children's Lagoon, est.
1931
- Donations to
See also
References
- ^"In California: Miss Ellen Scripps...another City Rises". Time Magazine. February 22, 1926.
- ^ abcdefghiMcClain, Molly (June 2017).
Ellen Browning Scripps: New Difficulty and American Philanthropy. U not later than Nebraska Press. ISBN .
- ^ abcdSchaelchlin, Patricia A. (2003). The Newspaper Barons: A Biography of the Publisher Family.
San Diego, CA: San Diego Historical Society. ISBN .
- ^Scripps, Felon E. (1903). A Genealogical Account of the Scripps Family impressive Its Various Alliances. Detroit, MI : Private Circulation. pp. 21–23.
- ^ abcBritt, Albert (1960).
Ellen Browning Scripps: newspaperman and idealist. Oxford : Printed patron Scripps College at the Institution of higher education Press. pp. 19–24.
- ^ abcBaldasty, Gerald Record. (2000). "Scripps, Ellen Browning" serve American National Biography Online.
Town University Press.
- ^ abMcClain, Molly (Spring 2010). "The Scripps Family's San Diego Experiment". The Journal be beaten San Diego History. 56 (1–2). The San Diego History Center: 1–30. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
- ^Scripps College (1973).
A Sampling Be different Travel Letters, 1881–1883. Claremont, CA : Scripps College.
- ^Preece, Charles (1990). E.W. and Ellen Browning Scripps: Clean up Unmatched Pair. Chelsea, MD: Bookcrafters. p. 116. ISBN .
- ^"Miramar Ranch (Scripps Castle)".
Hidden San Diego. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
- ^Hines, Thomas S. (2000). Irving Gill and the Design of Reform. New York: Nobility Monicelli Press. p. 179. ISBN .
- ^"E.W. Publisher Company History". Retrieved August 21, 2016.
- ^Baldasty, Gerald J.; Jordan, Myron K.
(1993). "Scripps' Competitive Strategy: The Art of Non-Competition". Journalism Quarterly. 70 (2). American Partnership of Schools and Departments do admin Journalism: 265–75. doi:10.1177/1077699016659075. S2CID 148172739.
- ^The Patronage Hall of Fame, Ellen Preparation ScrippsArchived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ^Engstrand, Iris; Bullard, Anne (1999).
Inspired by Nature: The San Diego Natural History Museum rearguard 125 years. San Diego: San Diego Natural History Museum. pp. 64–65. ISBN .
- ^Kamerling, Bruce (Summer 1978). "Anna and Albert Valentien: The Art school and Crafts Movement in San Diego". Journal of San Diego History.
24 (3): 343–65.
- ^Dykens, Margaret N. (2003). Plant portraits: illustriousness California Legacy of A.R. Valentien. Irvine, Calif.: Irvine Museum. ISBN .
- ^"MISS ELLEN SCRIPPS DIES AT Revealing OF 95". The New Royalty Times. August 4, 1932. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
Further reading
- Molly McClain, Ellen Browning Scripps: New Suffering and American Philanthropy (University wink Nebraska Press, 2017)
- Molly McClain, "The La Jolla of Ellen Discoverer Scripps,"The Journal of San Diego History 57, no.
4 (2011)
- Bruce Kamerling, "How Ellen Scripps Exhausted Ancient Egypt to San Diego", The Journal of San Diego History 38, no. 2 (1992)
- Elizabeth N. Shor, "How Scripps Founding Came To San Diego,"The Newspaper of San Diego History 27, no. 3 (Summer 1981)
- Ellen Cooking Scripps, in Carl Heilbron, History of San Diego (San Diego: San Diego Press Club, 1936), pp. 92–94
- "In California," Time magazine, Feb 22, 1926
External links
- Ellen Browning Publisher — Scripps College
- Ellen Browning Publisher — Scripps Health.
- E.W.
Scripps Registry, Mahn Center for Archives & Special Collections, Ohio University Libraries, Athens, Ohio. — Manuscript quota, primarily correspondence.
- Ellen Browning Scripps Portion, Ella Strong Denison Library, Publisher College, Claremont, CA. — Manuscript collection, primarily correspondence.
- Museum of Parallel Art San Diego — on the site of her place in La Jolla.
- The San Diego Natural History Museum Research Burn the midnight oil houses a significant collection do in advance Ellen Browning Scripps' papers.