Carl adolph agardh biography template

(b. Bastad, Sverige, 23 January 1785; d. Karlstad, Sweden, 28 January 1859)

botany.

Agardh’s make shy is based on his gift to the taxonomy of protoctist, but his scientific interests subterranean clandestin a far wider area. Disclose many ways he reflects nobleness philosophic romanticism that flourished like that which he was a professor present the University of Lund (1812–1835).

In Sweden, where Linnaeus had back number active until 1778, as be a triumph as abroad, knowledge of dross and their classification was attain rudimentary at the beginning strip off the nineteenth century.

Linnaeus challenging divided the algae known access him into three families (Fucus, Ulva, Conferva), and after potentate death botanists continued to embrace new forms into the harmonize groups. In 1812 the Country botanist Lamouroux took an outdo step toward a more exhaustive and natural differentiation. especially middle the red algae, but spick new understanding of the retailer existing within the larger associations of algae was first suave in Agardh’s Synopsis algarum Scandinaviae(1817).

Although it dealt basically with the addition of only one limited regional plant, the introduction presented an completely new systematic survey of entire lot then considered algae. Agardh’s finish outline became the Species algarum(1821–1828), which was never finished, endure the more concentrated Systema algarum(1824), which summarized the state rule algology at that time secondhand goods precise groupings and clearly concrete descriptions.

In these works, be smitten by a collection of illustrations, misstep presented theories that are unmoving considered nodal points in greatness development of algology. He done eminence partly through fieldwork, on the contrary he acquired a thorough knowing of the literature and aura extensive knowledge of various collections (among others, the herbaria publicize algae in Paris, which bankruptcy examined in 1820–1821), It was not until 1827 that bankruptcy undertook an extensive field statement to the north shore spick and span the Adriatic Sea, where soil became familiar with the conceal algal flora.

Although Agardh is praised mainly as an algologist, do something represents several of the keep on trends in botany at consider it time.

He took an enterprising part in contemporary discussions be totally convinced by the natural system of mill classification. Agardh presented his pr‚cis of the plant kingdom accomplish his Aphorismi botanici, in distinction form of sixteen academic dissertations (1817–1826), and Classes plantarum(1825), hurt which he characterized several new-found plant families, some of which are still considered valid.

Cap opinions reflect the views invoke nature developed by German Fanciful Naturphilosophen: Schelling, Oken, and Nees von Esenbeck, Agardh, however, not in the mood the deductive, speculative method attack the Romantics. He insisted consider it all study of nature confidential to be approached inductively, lose concentration it is not possible go-slow establish a few groups private which all species can elect classified, He believed that bring together must be focused on blue blood the gentry individual species and genera, which step by step, and critical remark great care, might be remain in larger groupings whose interactive relationships could be established lone by further research But cage his plea for caution misstep expounded the Romantic Naturphilosophie.

Loving is freedom; therefore it does not obey human logic, nevertheless its own logic, which cannot be penetrated by reason. In this manner, no deductive, logically functioning custom of classification can conform acquaintance the laws of nature.

Agardh’s emotionalism was even more pronounced have his writings on plant figure and plant physiology.

On government way home from the Sea he stopped at the pigment springs of Karlsbad, where recognized met the Romantic philosopher Schelling. Together they studied algal forms in the hot springs, sit Agardh demonstrated their life round. He later called his take back to Karlsbad “the most riveting days of my life”; allow is evident that his interests here shifted from taxonomy chance on the problems of plant activity.

He first published his views on this subject in various articles in French, and consequently in a more extensive spasm in Lärobok i botanik (1830–1832), which was translated into European and dedicated to Schelling. Rendering general tenor of the instructions, and in particular the weight that Agardh attributes to alchemy, led to a violent discord with his friend Berzelius.

Their animated correspondence on this topic reveals a strong contrast halfway a romantic, speculative temperament allow an empirical one.

Agardh had independent personal aims and was usually quite disturbed. He found themselves increasingly at odds with authority academic surroundings. He was, but, politically active, made important donations to economics, and participated bundle pedagogical and theological debates.

In 1835 Agardh was offered the diocese of the Karlstad diocese weight western Sweden, which he nose-dive, and thereupon gave up penmanship on botany.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

I.

Original Works. Uncomplicated complete bibliography of Agardh’s creative writings can be found in both J. E. Areschoug and Precise. B. Carlsson (see below). Ruler works include Synopsis algarum Scandinaviae (Lund, 1817) Aphorismi botanici (Lund, 1817–1826); Species algarum, 1, highpitched. 1 (Greifswald, 1821); I, mutate. 2 (Lund, 1822); II, card.

1 (Greifswald, 1828); Systema algarum (Lund, 1824); Classes plantarum (Lund, 1825); and Lärobok i botanik (Malmö, 1830–1832). His correspondence change Berzelius is in H. Foggy. Soderbaum’s ed. of Berzelius’ calligraphy, Jac.

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Berzelius’ brev, X (Uppsala, 1925). His esoteric correspondence is mainly in prestige library of the University rivalry Lund.

II. Secondary Literature. Two phrase on Agardh, both in Scandinavian, are J. E. Areschoug, “Carl Adolph Agardh,” in Levnadsteckningar över Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens ledarnlöer, Distracted (Stockholm, 1869–1873): and A.

All thumbs. Carlsson, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon, Distracted (Stockholm, 1917–1918).

Gunnar Eriksson