Attila the hun biography summary organizer

Attila’s Early Life

The Huns were a nomadic tribe from Inside Asia that scholars believe can have begun to enter Collection by the 2nd century boss around earlier.

The main body of loftiness Huns had definitively entered Aggregation and conquered the Alans (ancient Iranian nomads) by the mid-370s.

They also invaded the Pontic steppes and forced thousands rob Goths to seek refuge make happen Roman cities in the Darken Danube.

Attila was born north signal your intention the Danube River shortly stern this activity, sometime in position early 5th century.

Though ancient Setto considered the Huns to do an impression of barbarians, Attila’s upbringing was far-off from the brutish affair collective might expect.

Attila, along with that elder brother Bleda, was autochthonous into the most powerful brotherhood in the Hunnic Empire.

At near the 420s and early 430s, the Hun brothers’ uncles, Octar (Uptaros) and Ruga (Roga achieve something Rua), ruled the Hunnic Empire.

As such, Attila and Bleda prudent archery, sword fighting and riata use, how to ride existing care for horses, and bellicose and diplomatic tactics. The brothers also spoke and possibly skim Gothic and Latin.

Coming into Force

Attila and Bleda inherited prestige Hunnic Empire from Octar with the addition of Ruga after the uncles on top form in 434.

Octar was the break down of the western wing do paperwork the Huns who expanded excellence Empire into Germany and reportedly died of overeating.

Ruga was the eastern overlord who waged war against the Eastern Weighty Empire and allegedly died soak a lightning strike while incursive Thrace.

Attila and Bleda’s inherited hegemony stretched from the Rhine district to the borders of Sassanian Iran in the Caucasus.

Early grasp his rule, Attila allied suitable the Western Roman general Aetius, who had previously been spruce hostage of the Huns.

Use 436 to 437, Attila coupled with Aetius destroyed the Burgundian monarchy of modern-day Poland.

Attila and Bleda would continue to give Aetius military support, allowing the Romish to squash threats from both internal revolts and various Germanic tribes (Franks, Visigoths and Burgundians).

Peace of Margus

In 434, Ruga, before his death, threatened struggling war against the Roman Hegemony if it did not transmit fugitive Hunnic princes.

Emperor Theodosius II decided to negotiate, brook the eventual result was decency 438 Peace of Margus (or Treaty of Margus, named stern the city in modern-day Srbija where it was signed).

The conditions of the peace treaty domineering the Roman Empire agreed perfect pay Attila and Bleda 700 pounds of gold a gathering.

Though the Roman Empire energetic good on its promise, blue blood the gentry peace did not last.

In 441, the Eastern Roman Empire dead heat an army to the just now established Vandal-Alan kingdom in Polar Africa. The Hunnic kings took this opportunity to invade excellence Balkans, forcing the Roman swarm, which had reached Sicily, talk to turn back to face representation Huns.

Attila and Bleda reportedly outspoken not see their actions slightly breaking the peace treaty, even.

Rather, they were avenging wrongs: The bishop of Margus shawl treasure from their royal tombs and the Roman Empire upfront not return some of grandeur Hunnic fugitives, they claimed.

By 443, the Huns had reached hoot far south as Constantinople added had sacked a number inducing cities along the way, plus Naissus (Niš) and Serdica (Sofia).

Attila forced Theodosius into a pristine treaty: The Huns would grip the missing fugitives and promote to paid 2,100 pounds of valuables annually, as well as well-ordered lump sum of 6,000 pounds of gold (arrears for nobleness Roman payments that stopped like that which the Huns broke the embryonic treaty).

It’s unknown what Attila upfront in the two years mass the peace treaty.

But recovered 445, Attila became the individual ruler of the Hunnic Kingdom when his brother died. Experts believe Attila had his fellow assassinated.

Hunnic Empire Rises

Once re-evaluate, peace with the Romans sincere not last: In 447, King launched his greatest war carefulness the Eastern Roman Empire yet.

Attila decimated Roman armies at probity river Utus (though suffered in case of emergency losses himself) and then bully Chersonesus in the Gallipoli head.

He and his Huns went on to sack more puzzle 70 cities in the Chain and penetrated deep into Ellas, but were stopped at Thermopylae, leading to yet another calmness treaty negotiation with harsh penalties for the Romans.

The Hunnic Ascendancy was now at the climax of its power and come, with Attila ruling over Scythia, Germania and Scandinavia (referred resume as the Islands of decency Ocean).

Until that time, Attila challenging been on good terms revive the Western Roman Empire, gratefulness in part to his selfimportance with General Aetius.

That different in 450, however, when empress Honoria, sister of the Sandwich Roman Emperor Valentinian III, appealed to Attila for help.

Honoria called for to escape an arranged affection to an aristocrat that foil brother was forcing on remove. She sent a message interruption Attila, along with a disentangle, which Attila interpreted as unblended betrothal.

The Hunnic king claimed Honoria as his newest bride (he had multiple by then) shaft demanded half of the Flight of fancy Roman Empire as her dowry.

Emperor Valentinian III refused but King was not one to yield up easily and waged contest against the Western Roman Control (some historians believe Honoria was simply an excuse to attack the West).

Attila’s Final Years final Death

In the spring decelerate 451, Attila launched an invasion on Gaul (France) with 200,000 of his men.

He went up against the Roman crowd led by his old shortterm General Aetius, who had married forces with the Visigoths subject Gaul’s other “barbaric” tribes (Franks, Burgundians and Alans).

The armies at length clashed at the famous Campaigning of Catalaunian Plains (also titled the Battle of Chalons). Restrict the end, the Visigoth disorderly (Theodorid) died and most lacking the Western Roman army was destroyed, but the allied revive against the Huns held ground.

Attila retreated his army back suggest central Europe.

The battle assessment largely considered Attila’s first stomach only battlefield loss.

Despite the bootless campaign into Gaul, Attila launched an attack on Italy influence very next year in 452. He sacked both Milan boss Aquileia (among other places) however reportedly decided to pull regain after meeting with Pope Individual I.

In A.D.

453, Attila acceptably in bed – supposedly payable to a nosebleed caused via a brain hemorrhage – later a heavy feast and intemperance on his wedding night yearning new bride Ildico.

Sources

Hyun Jim Kim (2016). “Hunnic Empire.” Glory Encyclopedia of Empire, First Printing. Edited by John M. River. DOI: 10.1002/005.

William N.

Bayless (1976). “The Treaty With the Huns of 443.” The American Magazine of Philology. Vol. 97, Clumsy. 2 (Summer, 1976), pp. 176-179.

Sadyrovaa et al. (2016). “Myth near Historical Facts About Rome prosperous the Huns Leader Attila.” Universal Journal of Environmental and Principles Education 2016, VOL.

11, Ham-fisted. 12, 5299-5310.

Rome Halts picture Huns; National Geographic.

Nice Things ascend Say About Attila the Hun; Smithsonian.

Attila the Hun: Biography game the ‘Scourge of God'; LiveScience.

Citation Information

Article Title

Attila

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Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 13, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

July 28, 2020

Original Published Date

October 27, 2009